The Information after processing is called data.
Information
To get some knowledge about a person,company or other category is called information.
Saturday, February 21, 2009
System Buses
System buses are electrical paths utilized to transfer various electrical messages between different components of computer. These buses according to the information the carry.
A computer system has different types of buses. Important buses are mentioned:
Data Bus : The data bus like the address bus consists of parallel signal lines connected to the cpu, the main memory and the I/O port.That the data bus part of the overall computer bus,help to transfer data from one device to another.
Control Bus : Many devices are joined to the control bus.It helps to transfer control from one instruction to another during program running.It also transfers control signals to various devices.
Address Bus : The address bus consists of parallel signal lines joined to the central processing unit, the main memory and the I/O ports.The bus that helps to locate the address of data in memory is called address bus.It is also used to locate the memory address of instructions to be executed.
A computer system has different types of buses. Important buses are mentioned:
Data Bus : The data bus like the address bus consists of parallel signal lines connected to the cpu, the main memory and the I/O port.That the data bus part of the overall computer bus,help to transfer data from one device to another.
Control Bus : Many devices are joined to the control bus.It helps to transfer control from one instruction to another during program running.It also transfers control signals to various devices.
Address Bus : The address bus consists of parallel signal lines joined to the central processing unit, the main memory and the I/O ports.The bus that helps to locate the address of data in memory is called address bus.It is also used to locate the memory address of instructions to be executed.
CPU Information
The Central Processing Unit ( CPU )
The CPU,is most complex part of the computer .It hand the internal control of the system, the processing of instruction and data, the flow of information and the mutual linkage of the peripheral equipment activities occurring in the system.
Central Unit (C.P)
The Central Unit controls the execution of instructions given to the computer system. It fetches program instructions and data from the memory. It decodes and instruction executes it and then passes control to the next instruction to be executed.
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a part of the cpu. All arithmetic and logical operations on the data are performed in the ALU.
Logic Section
The logical operation one wich requires two data values to be compared with each other possible results of such an operation are Greater than, Equal to, Less than. The logical section of the ALU performs logical operations.
The CPU,is most complex part of the computer .It hand the internal control of the system, the processing of instruction and data, the flow of information and the mutual linkage of the peripheral equipment activities occurring in the system.
Central Unit (C.P)
The Central Unit controls the execution of instructions given to the computer system. It fetches program instructions and data from the memory. It decodes and instruction executes it and then passes control to the next instruction to be executed.
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a part of the cpu. All arithmetic and logical operations on the data are performed in the ALU.
Logic Section
The logical operation one wich requires two data values to be compared with each other possible results of such an operation are Greater than, Equal to, Less than. The logical section of the ALU performs logical operations.
Main Memory
The main memory is a temporary storage memory. Main memory holds the data to be processed, the program instructions to be executed and the program results waiting to be issued. Both data and programs instruction must be main memory before processing can proceed. Main memory is called the Random Access Memory (RAM). Information data and programs store in RAM are volatile. The information is lost when you switch off computer. The size of a computers main memory is measured in bytes. In simplest terms a byte is the amount of memory required to store one letter or digit.
Secondary Memory
Secondary Memory is one of most important characteristics of today PCs .It is used to store a very large amount of information and data. Typical example of this type of storage are hard disks ,floppy disks and CD ROM’s. When we want to run a certain set program the instruction are copied from the secondary store to the main memory and then the CPU start executing then.
Secondary Memory
Secondary Memory is one of most important characteristics of today PCs .It is used to store a very large amount of information and data. Typical example of this type of storage are hard disks ,floppy disks and CD ROM’s. When we want to run a certain set program the instruction are copied from the secondary store to the main memory and then the CPU start executing then.
Computer Languages
A programming language is a source of communication between the user and the computer. A programmer writes programs with the help of programming language for solution of his problems on computer. Every language has its own rules for writing a computer program. The rules are called coding or source program.
Types of Programming Languages
A number of computer programming languages are available. Some programming languages are close to human languages and some close to machine language.
Low Level Languages :
Low level languages are ARM, MIPS, X86.
Mid Level Languages :
C,C++ language is a mid level language.
High Level Languages :
High level languages are BASIC, COBOL,C,C++, PASCAL, FORTRAN.
Language Processor
When we write any program in high level language, it does not run directly on computer. Therefore ,the program has to be converted into machine language .The program which converts source program into an object program is called language processor, language processor has two types.
1. Interpreter : The language processor which execute a source program by translation and execute on instruction at a time is called interpreter. A BASIC language processor is an example of interpreter.
2. Compiler : The language processor that translates program written in high level language into machine language as a whole is called the compiler.
Types of Programming Languages
A number of computer programming languages are available. Some programming languages are close to human languages and some close to machine language.
Low Level Languages :
Low level languages are ARM, MIPS, X86.
Mid Level Languages :
C,C++ language is a mid level language.
High Level Languages :
High level languages are BASIC, COBOL,C,C++, PASCAL, FORTRAN.
Language Processor
When we write any program in high level language, it does not run directly on computer. Therefore ,the program has to be converted into machine language .The program which converts source program into an object program is called language processor, language processor has two types.
1. Interpreter : The language processor which execute a source program by translation and execute on instruction at a time is called interpreter. A BASIC language processor is an example of interpreter.
2. Compiler : The language processor that translates program written in high level language into machine language as a whole is called the compiler.
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